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Venn Diagram

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A Swiss Mathematician (1707-1783) Euler gave an idea to represent a set by the points in a closed curve. Later on British Mathematician John Venn (1834-1923) brought this idea to practice. So, the diagrams drawn to represent sets are called Venn Euler diagram or simply Venn diagram. 

In Venn diagram, the universal set is represented by a rectangular region and a set is represented by circle or a closed geometrical figure inside the universal set. Also, an element of a set Ais represented by a point within the circle of set A. 

e.g., If U = {1, 2, 3, 4, …, 10} and A = {1, 2, 3} 

Then, its Venn diagram is as shown in the figure.
Key Takeaways
  • A Venn diagram uses circles that overlap or don't overlap to show the commonalities and differences among things or groups of things.
  • Things that have commonalities are shown as overlapping circles while things that are distinct stand alone.
  • Venn diagrams are now used as illustrations in business and in many academic fields. 
Applications for Venn Diagrams

Venn diagrams are used to depict how items relate to each other against an overall backdrop, universe, data set, or environment. 

A Venn diagram could be used, for example, to compare two companies within the same industry by illustrating the products both companies offer (where circles overlap) and the products that are exclusive to each company (outer circles). 

Venn diagrams are, at a basic level, simple pictorial representations of the relationship that exists between two sets of things. 

However, they can be much more complex. Still, the streamlined purpose of the Venn diagram to illustrate concepts and groups has led to their popularized use in many fields, including statistics, linguistics, logic, education, computer science, and business. 

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